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Windows authentication: Which to use and when. Tweet Share Share. Establishing a connection It all starts with a connection. In order to establish a successful database connection, the client or application requires the following information: SQL Server fully-qualified domain name Instance name Port number Credentials username and password for authentication For example, suppose you use online banking. SQL Server provides two modes of server authentication: Windows authentication SQL Server and Windows authentication mode mixed-mode You can define these authentication methods during the installation of SQL Server, or change them later via a restart.
Enforce password policy : The administrators can check this option to implement the Windows password policy for SQL Server logins. It includes specifying password length and complexity. Enforce password expiration : You can enforce the maximum age of a password.
The password will be expired and needs to change as defined by the age criteria. User must change password at next login : The administrator assigns a password during SQL login creation. Once the user logs in with their credentials, they need to specify a new password, and the administrators will not be aware of this new password. If you have multiple SQL Servers, it might be difficult for the user to keep track of the passwords for each instance.
SQL Server stores the password in the master database in encrypted hash form. Hackers can steal the information by accessing the database. Since these encrypted credentials need to be passed over the network, this can increase the chances of user credentials being stolen. You cannot implement additional customized account policies with the SQL Server authentication logins.
It increases the task of login management for database administrators. Database administrators do not have a central management console for managing logins across all instances. You might get orphan user issues when moving a database to different instances, and it might happen due to a SID mismatch in the master and user database on the new instance.
You need to manage the security policies for each SQL login. You cannot define a universal policy for all accounts in your organization. For a large database footprint, it is an arduous task to define the policy for each individual login. Best use cases for SQL Server authentication It can help older applications and third-party software connect databases if they do not support Windows AD authentication. You might require users from untrusted domains to connect to SQL Server.
In this case, the application can specify SQL logins in the connection strings and connect to the database. Keeping track of multiple names and passwords is difficult for many users. Having to provide SQL Server credentials every time that one connects to the database can be annoying.
The encrypted SQL Server Authentication login password, must be passed over the network at the time of the connection. Some applications that connect automatically will store the password at the client. These are additional attack points. Allows SQL Server to support environments with mixed operating systems, where all users are not authenticated by a Windows domain. Allows users to connect from unknown or untrusted domains.
For instance, an application where established customers connect with assigned SQL Server logins to receive the status of their orders. Allows software developers to distribute their applications by using a complex permission hierarchy based on known, preset SQL Server logins. Skip to main content. This browser is no longer supported.
Download Microsoft Edge More info. Contents Exit focus mode. Is this page helpful? Windows group. Granting access to a Windows group grants access to all Windows user logins that are members of the group. SQL Server login. SQL Server stores both the username and a hash of the password in the master database, by using internal authentication methods to verify login attempts. SQL Server provides logins created from certificates or asymmetric keys that are used only for code signing.
They cannot be used to connect to SQL Server. You then have to supply the SQL Server user name and password at run time. Assign a strong password to the sa login and do not use the sa login in your application. The sa login maps to the sysadmin fixed server role, which has irrevocable administrative credentials on the whole server. There are no limits to the potential damage if an attacker gains access as a system administrator.
Concatenating connection strings from user input can leave you vulnerable to a connection string injection attack. Use the SqlConnectionStringBuilder to create syntactically valid connection strings at run time. Skip to main content.
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